Niger has seen rapid population growth and environmental change over the last 40 years: arable surfaces have decreased, and the population has multiplied by four. Over half the population suffers from chronic food insecurity, and 22% of the population is extremely food insecure (SWG 2011). 2011 is seeing failure of both cash and food crops due to drought and insects (Tufts 3/11). Chronic malnutrition in children <5 has increased from 27% in 1992 to 46% in 2009 (CaLP 2011, NNS 2009). In 2010, 250,000 children affected by severe acute malnutrition were admitted to therapeutic centres for direct life-saving interventions. Half the population suffered from food insecurity (UNICEF 2010), while fully 3.3 million were severely food insecure (IFRC 31/10).