Advances in information technology have opened exciting new avenues for how research is conducted and data collected, with huge implications to monitoring and evaluation (M&E) frameworks and program design. One of these advances comes in the form of Mobile Data Collection (MDC), which makes innovative use of mobile technology to replace traditional pen and paper data gathering, and is being increasingly adopted globally.The toolkit is organized around three major sections: 1 What is mobile data collection and what benefits does it offer? 2 Evaluating the suitability of mobile data collection tools for a given project; 3 How to successfully build the capabilities needed for transitioning to mobile data collection.